Exercise Prescription for Childhood Obesity
Exercise Prescription for Childhood Obesity Essay
Benchmark – Capstone Project Change Proposal
In this assignment, students will pull together the change proposal project components they have been working on throughout the course to create a proposal inclusive of sections for each content focus area in the course. At the conclusion of this project, the student will be able to apply evidence-based research steps and processes required as the foundation to address a clinically oriented problem or issue in future practice.Exercise Prescription for Childhood Obesity Essay
Students will develop a 1,250-1,500 word paper that includes the following information as it applies to the problem, issue, suggestion, initiative, or educational need profiled in the capstone change proposal:
Background
Problem statement
Purpose of the change proposal
PICOT
Literature search strategy employed
Evaluation of the literature
Applicable change or nursing theory utilized
Proposed implementation plan with outcome measures
Identification of potential barriers to plan implementation, and a discussion of how these could be overcome
Appendix section, if tables, graphs, surveys, educational materials, etc. are created. Exercise Prescription for Childhood Obesity Essay
Review the feedback from your instructor on the Topic 3 assignment, PICOT Statement Paper, and Topic 6 assignment, Literature Review. Use the feedback to make appropriate revisions to the portfolio components before submitting.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.
Change Proposal Project on Evidence-Based Practice: Exercise Prescription for Childhood Obesity
Background
Around 33% of children in the United States between the ages of 2 and 19 years are afflicted by either overweight or obesity. Around 8.1% of children in the United States below 2 years of age have weight-for-length that is either equal to or above 95th percentile. This makes them more at risk of obesity. Obesity of childhood, and its unique effect on underserved population demographics, starts in early life. Among youngsters of ages 2–5 years, Hispanic youngsters have nearly fivefold and non-Hispanic dark youngsters have triple higher weight predominance contrasted and their non- Hispanic white counterparts. Exercise Prescription for Childhood Obesity Essay. During the initial years of life, racial/ethnic contrasts in modifiable hazard factors for youth weight contribute significantly to racial/ ethnic incongruities in later youth weight (Baidal et al., 2015; Wolstein et al., 2015). While overweight and obesity is nearly by definition the outcome of long haul lopsidedness between vitality admission and consumption, this straightforward articulation overlooks the components contributing or inclining to vitality irregularity. For instance, deficient vitality use could be expected to low degrees of physical movement or low resting vitality digestion; surplus vitality admission could be because of deficient restraint in enticing nourishment situations versus hormonally determined caloric overabundances (Baranowski & Taveras, 2018).
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Problem Statement
Obesity and overweight in children is a ticking time bomb. If not tackled early, the risk in terms of health and wellbeing to future generations is immense. Children in the United States normally get some sort of meal in school. This could be a beverage or some snack. The problem is that these snacks and beverages have traditionally been sugary and with a lot of calorific value. This has led to there being a very large number of American children who are either overweight or obese. A worrying trend has also been noted with obesity and overweight. Since these high calorific foods and beverages are usually cheap, most affected school children are those that belong to minority communities (Baranowski & Taveras, 2018). A problem therefore exists that needs to be addressed for future generations and for posterity.Exercise Prescription for Childhood Obesity Essay
Purpose of the Change Proposal
The purpose of the change proposal is to change practice in favor of what can help reduce the burden of childhood obesity and overweight. This change in day-to-day practice modus operandi must however be backed with sufficient evidence concerning its efficacy, efficiency, and safety. In order to change practice in the whole country, however, all the healthcare practitioners that treat and attend to children (including prescribing medications and other therapies) must be convinced of the novelty of the new proposal of change in practice. This will be achieved through dissemination of the finding after an extensive literature search for evidence to back the new practice. The new proposed change in practice will therefore aim to reduce disease burden that is traceable to obesity and overweight. Mostly, these are diseases that affect the heart and blood vessels, the kidneys, and the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. The diseases include cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, and chronic kidney failure. To achieve this, the problem must be tackled from the root – childhood.Exercise Prescription for Childhood Obesity Essay
The PICOT
The acronym PICOT is a paradigm that is used in clinical inquiry to frame the question that will be used to guide the search for evidence. It typically represents the population whose problem the clinical question seeks to address (P), the intervention or therapy that is being proposed (I), the comparison with which the proposed intervention will be put side by side to see if it is better (C), the outcome that is envisaged by the intervention proposed (O), and the time frame through which the intervention will be tested (T). In this case, the PICOT question that was used to conduct the clinical inquiry was: Does modest physical exercise (I) reduce weight successfully and maintain it where it is needed (O) compared to lack of physical activity (C) over several months (T) in overweight and obese children between the ages of two and 17 (P)?
Literature Search Strategy Used
The literature search strategy that was used by this researcher involved combing through several electronic databases. These are databases that contain peer-reviewed published journals. In this case, the articles of interest were those on the subject of obesity and overweight. Only articles published in the last fifteen years were searched. Also, these articles had to have been published within the last fifteen years. The words used in the search were “obesity,” “overweight,” and “exercise.” The phrases used in the search were “exercise therapy AND obesity,” and “exercise in obesity.” The electronic databases searched were CINAHL, ProQuest, Medline, and Cochrane.Exercise Prescription for Childhood Obesity Essay
Evaluation of the Literature
Shaw et al. (2006) carried out a systematic review of 43 studies that were clinical and experimental on the effect of exercise in obesity and overweight. The total number of participants in all the 43 studies was 3,476. They concluded that regular exercise when combined with diet results in greater weight reduction in obese subjects than diet alone. McCall and Raj (2009) also arrived at the same conclusion that exercise like walking every day can go a long way in reducing obesity and overweight. Dugan (2008) and Chin et al. (2016) also arrived at the same conclusion that exercise was beneficial in the reduction of the weight of obesity and overweight.
Applicable Change Theory
The change theory that was used in the dissemination and incorporation into practice of the findings of this clinical inquiry was Rogers’ diffusion of innovations theory. This theory involves coming up with a new idea, educating or informing others about it, convincing them about the importance of the idea, and then implementing the findings before evaluating the outcome. The theory recognizes that all workers or employees together with their managers fall into distinct groups. These are the innovators, the early adopters of the change proposal, the early majority, the late majority, and the laggards. This PICOT project follows the same pattern of the theory.
Implementation Plan and Outcome Measures
The implementation plan is to disseminate the results widely through conference presentations, media publicity, social media, and meetings with policy makers who will then be briefed about the project and its promising results. However, the most important thing will be to disseminate the results efficiently and effectively. On the measurement of the outcome, the project will adopt a data-based approach in which every healthcare institution will be requested to keep the data of the outcomes of their child patients for six months. These will therefore be compared with the previous figures before the implementation of the proposed change to find out the difference. If the new intervention (exercise) is effective, the figures of obese and overweight children will have dropped significantly after a period of six months of continuous and consistent exercise.Exercise Prescription for Childhood Obesity Essay
The Potential Barriers to the Implementation of the Plan and how they Could be Mitigated
There are barriers that are recognised in all projects that require the effort and implementation of people. In this project, the first barrier was the issue of staff resisting moving from the old practices to the new proposed change. This would be overcome by widely distributing the literature concerning the new intervention (exercise) and its benefits. Continuous education will also be undertaken. The second barrier was financing for the project. This was overcome by coming up with a convincing project proposal which was given to the healthcare institution’s policy makers (directors). They were convinced of the importance of the project and provided the funds. Despite the challenges and barriers, however, the project was successful and came up with a finding that will forever change the practice of nursing for nurse practitioners and other clinicians. It is not common for exercise to be prescribed formally as part of treatment. But, with the finding of this project that practice will change to this evidence-based one. It is only hoped that all the persons that are concerned with influencing change will be up to the task and inspire others to adopt the change.Exercise Prescription for Childhood Obesity Essay
References
Baidal, J.A.W., Locks, L.M., Cheng, E.R., Blake-Lamb, T.L., Perkins, M.E. & Taveras, E.M. (2015). Risk factors for childhood obesity in the first 1,000 days: A systematic review. American Journal of Preventive Medicine. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2015.11.012
Baranowski, T. & Taveras, E.M. (2018). Childhood obesity prevention: Changing the focus. CHILDHOOD OBESITY, 14(1). DOI: 10.1089/chi.2017.0303
Chin, S.-H., Kahathuduwa, C.N. & Binks, M. (2016). Physical activity and obesity: What we know and what we need to know. Obesity Reviews, 17, 1226–1244. Doi: 10.1111/obr.12460
Dugan, S.A. (2008). Exercise for preventing childhood obesity. Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Clinics of North America, 19, 205–216. Doi:10.1016/j.pmr.2007.11.001
Hammer, D.G., & McPhee, S.J. (Eds). (2018). Pathophysiology of disease: An introduction to clinical medicine, 8th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.
Li, L., Shen, T., Wen, L.M., Wu, M., He, P., Wang, Y… & He, G. (2015). Lifestyle factors associated with childhood obesity: A cross-sectional study in Shanghai, China. BMC Research Notes, 8(6). DOI 10.1186/s13104-014-0958-y
McCall, A. & Raj, R. (2009). Exercise for Prevention of Obesity and Diabetes in Children and Adolescents. Clinical Sports Medicine, 28, 393–421. Doi:10.1016/j.csm.2009.03.001
Shaw, K.A., Gennat, H.C., O’Rourke, P., Del Mar, C. (2006). Exercise for overweight or obesity. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (4). DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD003817.pub3.
Wolstein, J., Babey, S.H., Diamant, A.L. (2015). Obesity in California. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Center for Health Policy Research. Exercise Prescription for Childhood Obesity Essay
